What type of instructional feedback is most beneficial for student growth?

The most beneficial type of instructional feedback for student growth is specific and constructive feedback. This approach provides learners with clear, actionable information about their performance, highlighting both strengths and areas needing improvement. Specific feedback goes beyond broad generalizations and offers insights into how students can enhance their skills or understanding.

For instance, rather than simply stating that a student did a good job, specific feedback would address particular aspects of their performance, such as "Your use of terminology was accurate and enhanced communication, but try to work on your pacing to ensure that your audience can follow along more easily." This targeted approach enables students to grasp exactly what they need to do differently and encourages a growth mindset.

In contrast, general praise lacks the detailed insights necessary for meaningful improvement, while minimal feedback does not provide sufficient guidance for skill development. Positive reinforcement, although important, is most effective when it accompanies guidance that helps the learner understand what they can continue to improve upon.