Which factor that affects student learning generally consists of external pressures and concerns?

The correct answer, learning obstacles, refers to the various external pressures and concerns that can hinder a student's ability to learn effectively. These obstacles can include factors such as personal issues, economic challenges, family responsibilities, or stress from other commitments, which might distract or limit a student's focus on their studies. Recognizing these obstacles is important for instructors, as addressing them can help enhance learning outcomes and improve student engagement.

In contrast, learning plateaus represent periods where students may not see improvement in their performance, which is more about the student's progress rather than external pressures. Learning opportunities focus on the chances for growth and development that are presented to students, which is a more positive concept. Lastly, learning environments encompass the physical and psychological settings in which learning takes place, including the classroom atmosphere, access to resources, and overall educational support—but do not explicitly address external pressures.