Which method can improve the reliability of written test scores?

Using clear and concise prompts is essential for improving the reliability of written test scores because it helps ensure that all test-takers interpret the questions in the same way. Ambiguity in wording can lead to varying interpretations, which might result in inconsistent answers that do not accurately reflect a candidate’s knowledge or skills. When prompts are straightforward, it minimizes confusion and allows individuals to focus on demonstrating their understanding of the material rather than deciphering unclear language. This clarity contributes to the validity of the assessment by measuring what it is supposed to measure without the influence of external factors related to question formulation.

Increasing the number of questions can provide more opportunities for assessment, but if those questions are not well-constructed, it may not necessarily improve reliability. Providing extra time can help some test-takers perform better, but it does not inherently make the test items themselves more reliable. Setting a pass/fail threshold impacts scoring but doesn't directly affect how reliably the items measure the intended knowledge or skills, nor does it address the clarity of the questions themselves.