Which U.S. federal government agency collects and analyzes data regarding disease and health trends?

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is the U.S. federal agency responsible for collecting and analyzing data related to diseases and health trends. Its primary mission is to protect public health by preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. The CDC conducts extensive research, compiles statistical data, and monitors health trends across various populations, which helps guide public health actions and policies.

The agency relies on a variety of surveillance systems and research initiatives to track diseases, evaluate health threats, and promote health initiatives. Its comprehensive approach includes the analysis of both infectious and chronic diseases, making it a central hub for health information in the United States.

By contrast, other agencies mentioned have distinct roles: the Department of Defense focuses on military readiness and national security, OSHA is concerned with workplace safety and health, and NIOSH conducts research and makes recommendations to prevent work-related illnesses and injuries. Thus, while they contribute to overall public health in different ways, the CDC specifically specializes in health trends and disease data collection and analysis.